Colon cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in the United States, and it is estimated that more than 140,000 people will be diagnosed with the disease this year. While the exact cause of colon cancer is unknown, research has shown that genetics can play a role in the development of the disease.
Genetic mutations can increase a person’s risk of developing colon cancer. These mutations can be inherited from a parent or can occur spontaneously. The most common inherited mutation is Lynch syndrome, which is caused by a mutation in the MLH1 or MSH2 genes. People with Lynch syndrome have an increased risk of developing colon cancer, as well as other types of cancer.
In addition to inherited mutations, there are also acquired mutations that can increase a person’s risk of developing colon cancer. These mutations occur when a person’s DNA is damaged by environmental factors, such as smoking or exposure to certain chemicals. These mutations can cause changes in the way cells grow and divide, which can lead to the development of cancer.
Research has also shown that certain lifestyle factors can increase a person’s risk of developing colon cancer. These factors include a diet high in red and processed meats, a sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. People who are overweight or obese are more likely to develop colon cancer than those who are at a healthy weight.
The link between genetics and colon cancer is complex and not fully understood. However, it is clear that genetics can play a role in the development of the disease. People with a family history of colon cancer should talk to their doctor about their risk and consider genetic testing if they are at an increased risk. In addition, people should take steps to reduce their risk of developing colon cancer by maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, and exercising regularly.